Adapting the LED to the on-board voltage requires certain electronic parts that are assembled to form a voltage converter. This more complex technology is not used in simple LED strips, but is used in electronically controlled LED lights. LED retrofit kits for top or tricolour lanterns in particular appear to be problematic, as some known cases suggest. The good news is that you can check whether there is a problem on board yourself.
You can read all about how this works and the background in YACHT, issue 2/2019. directly from the publisher, or you can download the article directly via the link below.

Deputy Chief Editor YACHT